3/25/2023 0 Comments Tyranny meaning1, 2 Indeed, if dominant males within these bands were seen to exercise an inordinate degree of power over others the interesting phenomenon of reverse dominance tended to take place through the collective action of otherwise subordinate members of the band to curb the dominant individual’s authority over the group. In such bands there was no means by which any single individual or elite could exercise permanent coercive dominance over others. For most of their history humans have lived as hunter–gatherers in small egalitarian bands of 100 or so individuals with no state structures. To trace the history of tyranny it is necessary to trace the history of the state as a sociopolitical phenomenon as true tyrannies can only exist in state societies. This question deserves the attention of health professionals, given the widespread and devastating effects tyrannical regimes can have on the lives of their victims. The effect that tyranny has on people’s mental health and well-being is not fully understood. The number of totalitarian states has declined sharply to a fraction of what it was only a few decades ago, primarily as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union and its East European satellite states. The twentieth century witnessed both the rise of extremes of tyranny (leading to devastating wars and untold atrocities) and, towards its end, a global movement towards democracy. Furthermore, it is proposed that the international community should share the responsibility of assisting in the process of social repair in the aftermath of the fall of tyrannical states. It is suggested that the prevention of mass violations of basic human rights should become an international responsibility and this may, therefore, require a redefinition of the concept of sovereignty. The Iraqi Ba’th regime is used as an exemplar of a third world totalitarian state. The psychological roots of tyrannical systems are explored and some of the possible socio-psychological effects are discussed. It is proposed that this will have mental health consequences on both the rulers and the ruled. Such states utilise physical and psychological coercion as their primary method of governance. A recent and particularly virulent form of tyranny was invented during the twentieth century in the form of totalitarianism. Tyrannical states came into existence with the emergence of the state as a socio-political phenomenon a few thousand years ago and are, therefore, novel creations from the standpoint of human evolution.
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